Thursday, October 31, 2019
TEAM COMMUNICATION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
TEAM COMMUNICATION - Essay Example Team communication represents the message from the team and not from the whole team in disjointed fashion. Team communication is also dependent upon who does most of the talking and when. This is essential since there should be harmony and accord in the message that is delivered by the team and everyone needs to be on-board with what is being said and delivered by the team. There should be no misunderstandings in a team. Team communication demonstrates that the team is a whole rather than a disjointed unit. This gives the essence of a single core group that is talking to the general public. It also manifests that the team is committed and dedicated to its respective work ethics and it would not compromise on those principles however difficult the circumstances. There is also a need to appoint a leader who will do all the talking so that the fundamental message that goes out of the team is solitary. Leadership qualities require that the leader gets the best out of the group members no matter how hard and trying the circumstances are. However the role of a team leader cannot be denied its due place. Team communication guarantees that the whole team looks after each other and provides incentives to the working bases of each other. Team communication favors working as a single entity rather than working in different sub-groups which means there are problems within the team itself. The team leader is an essential part of the team – he decides who needs to do what and how things will shape up in the future. Team communication can only succeed if each and every team member knows his role and tries to justify his position within the team keeping in mind the assigned task and role. Responsibility thus have to be taken by the team members so that communication becomes easy. In the end, one must realize that team communication plays a central role towards the better functioning of team affairs and matters and it is best to have a
Tuesday, October 29, 2019
Mental health of children Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
Mental health of children - Essay Example A child’s mental health is difficult to fathom as they may not be able to explicitly express that themselves. It can be evident when the child displays anxiety, excessive mood swings, poor performance at school and similar behavioural disorders. These lead to the child becoming volatile and depressed causing discord in the family and community. There are various factors that cause disruption of a child’s mental health. The most critical factor is the biological factor as it is unpredictable and often is undiagnosed until too late. They can be caused though genetics, some form of chemical imbalance in the body or some form of damage or injury to the central nervous system. Some families have a history of mental illnesses and genetically that can be passed on to a child. Severe or critical illnesses during infancy or childhood stage can also damage the brain and cause some mental illness. (Zenah, 2009) Environmental factors that can affect a child’s mental health w ould be extreme stressful environment, exposure to violence or the loss of someone very close and dear. Divorced parents or too many times of shifting homes or the society as a whole can impact a child’s mental health.
Sunday, October 27, 2019
Stylistic Techniques In Batman Returns Film Studies Essay
Stylistic Techniques In Batman Returns Film Studies Essay Tim Burton is known for his obscure and unconventional methods of film-making. His stylistic techniques, influenced by German Expressionism, are very unique. For this reason I have chosen to look at a short clip from Tim Burtons Batman Returns. Batman Returns was produced in 1991 and released in 1992. When Selina Kyle, the receptionist of Max Shreck, discovers some crooked business plans, she is thrown from the top of a building by her corrupt boss, provoking her transformation into the mysterious and mischievous character of Catwoman. The scene in which this happens is very significant to the overall narrative of the film and to the development of the character of Selina Kyle. As Selina lies in the snow after being thrown from a building, there is a cold and harsh atmosphere as many cats surround her and nibble on her hands. The bright red colour of her blood that Burton uses is a contrast to the colour of the rest of the scene, such as the grey buildings and white snow. It stands out very noticeably and is therefore more striking to the audience, creating an even greater sense of unease. As Selina enters her apartment it is clear to the audience that she is not in a sound state of mind. Selina starts to knock things over violently in her home and she starts to shred away any evidence of the woman she used to be. There is a clear sense of irony in terms of the mise-en-scà ¨ne in this scene. All of the walls in her apartment are painted pink. This gives off a sense of girlishness and innocence. These are characteristics of Selinas that will no longer be relevant to her personality. The grotesque walls and numerous stuffed toys are effective visual devices used by Tim Burton as a method of narrative. This particular use of mise-en-scà ¨ne allows the audience to see Selinas old personality and her naivety before it is all stripped away. The fact that Tim Burton chose to create a feminine and controlled setting for Selinas apartment makes her deterioration a lot more effective. Her violent behaviour and the use of props, for example, when she dishevels her stuffed toys with a kitchen knife, is a premonition of her violent behaviour which is to come. The use of this prop makes the scene a lot more shocking. Cat imagery is very evident in this scene. Not only does Selinas home become invaded by alley cats, but she also adopts the characteristics of a cat as she pours milk into her mouth carelessly and licks her lips in an animalistic manner. This truly shows her changing state of mind as the old Selina would never behave in this way. The use of contrasting colours in this scene is also very evident. Burton chooses to contrast the girlish ly pink walls with black paint which is frantically sprayed along them by a manic Selina. Through his use of visual styles and the new setting of Selinas apartment, Tim Burton has created an evil, sinister and vengeful atmosphere which coincides with Selinas creation of the evil, sinister and vengeful character, Catwoman. The lighting at the beginning of this scene, as Selina lies in the snow, is low-key and Tim Burton creates a lot of shadows, which are very reflective of his expressionist influences. Like the beginning of the scene, the lighting is also low-key in Selinas apartment. During some of the frames in this scene the lighting is placed beneath Selinas face, creating shadows which give off a sense of insincerity. There are large shadows as she charges about her apartment trashing it piece by piece with exaggerated movements creating a frightening atmosphere. The low-key lighting in this scene is further emphasised when Selina breaks the light bulbs in her home. Here I think Tim Burton is extremely successful in portraying an evil and villainous atmosphere. As she smashes the light bulbs of her neon-lit sign she transforms it from a welcoming message which used to read Hello There to an uninviting and menacing message which now reads Hell Here. The lighting in this scene becomes even dimmer t han before, signifying the completion of Selinas transformation into Catwoman and unleashing an even more hellish setting. The editing at the beginning of this scene is very slow paced. As Selina strolls into her apartment in a state of shock there is a continuous long shot. The camera pans and tracks across the apartment, following Selina around. The slow editing evokes a state of calm. As the scene progresses and Selina becomes more and more infuriated the editing becomes a lot more rapid. There are a lot more cuts and there is a greater variety of camera shots. The audience are presented with many unsettling shots from extreme close ups of Selinas face as she licks her lips frantically to close ups of her stuffed toys in her kitchen sink being destroyed in an act of aggression. These shots are excellent in portraying a sense of panic among the audience. Burton uses point of view shots as Selina begins to construct her Catwoman attire. This makes the audience feel like they are a part of the action and is successful in provoking sympathy and empathy as the audience try to relate to the feelings that Se lina is having. Much the same as the editing, the sound in the beginning of this scene is a lot more calm and slow paced until the scene reaches its climax and the music becomes a lot more frantic and loud. The use of strings is clear in this scene. The music is very low in volume to begin with and is very high pitched which gives a very eerie tone to it. There is a lot of suspense created and the whining sounds of the strings convey a feeling of tension. There is also diagetic sound in this scene such as the creaking of the door and the cat meowing. As Selina destroys her home the music becomes a lot louder and fast paced. The pitch of the music becomes low and threatening. This symbolises Selinas new found control over her life and foresees the threat that she is about to bring onto the city of Gotham. Tim Burton uses all elements of film language in this scene and throughout the film effectively to achieve his desired aims and emotions for the audience. In this scene he is very successful in showing a complete alteration from the quiet, reserved character of Selina Kyle to the dominant, sexual and ruthless character of Catwoman.
Friday, October 25, 2019
Lord of the Flies :: essays papers
Lord of the Flies In William Golding's Lord of the Flies the one good soul was found in Piggy. He wasn't violent and he was one of the only boys who tried to keep all of the other children civil by mimicking adults. Although Piggy had physical limitations that some say "prevented" Piggy from joining the other boys in savagery; he never possessed and evil spirit like Jack, Roger, and Ralph. "Shove a palm trunk under that and if an enemy came - look!" Jack noticed these things such as places to build forts, and weapons that can be made. While Piggy's main interests were in building shelters to be protected, and a sundial to know what time it was. There are may other things that Piggy did to attempt to bring order to the island just like a grown-up. When Jack was busy hunting pigs and dancing about in the blood that engulfed him, Piggy just wanted people to listen to him. He yearned for someone to listen to his ideas without asking questions: when he suggested moving the fire to the beach, he just wanted a ship passing by to see them. Piggy mimicked adults, he did not run about in a savage nature, he was good. Being the only boy that wasn't violent shows how diverse Piggy was from the other boys on the island. "I got the conch I tell you" Piggy screamed in attempt to gain the boys' lost attention, "I tell you I got the conch." Good finally prevailed and Piggy gained the boys' attention. Never once did Piggy resort to violence, even when his glasses were stolen, he proved he was above violence. Unlike Jack, Piggy never killed. Piggy never hunted or killed a pig, let alone hurt another human being, he used his mind not his size to get attention. Being the biggest boy on the island, he had the upper hand in any fight that would have gone his way. Piggy talked out his conflict; in his opinion violence was not an option. "I just take the conch to say this. I can't see no more and I got to get my glasses back. Awful things have been done on this island. I voted for you (Ralph) for chief. He is the only one who ever got things done.
Thursday, October 24, 2019
Psychology-Decision Making Essay
Abstract            How does it happen that managers take decisions which lead them to failures? What decision-making mechanisms do they inactivate when they take such decisions? This paper is aimed at analyzing these psychological implications. Psychology Decision Making            Introduction              It is not rare that managers take decisions which lead them to failure. These failures often become the headlines and the top stories of newspapers and magazines. However, has anyone analyzed the psychological implications of such decisions? What psychological theories could explain such managers’ behavior, and what useful recommendations could be drawn from such cases?            Problem identification            The case of Sears, when owned by Edward S. Lampert, is the most recent example of a large managerial mistake, having led to significant financial and economic losses. On January 29, 2008 Lampert pushed out his chief executive, but what is more important, he took decision to distance himself from the day-to-day management of his enterprise. â€Å"Until now, the heads of several major departments, like marketing and merchandising, reported directly to Mr. Lampert, even though he has no background in retailing or advertising†(Barbaro, 2008). It is crucial to understand, how Lampert came to the idea of day-to-day management of his enterprise, although he did not have enough professional skills for that  Theoretical background            It is stated, that â€Å"we are likely, social constructed individuals. Our experiences, our cultures, our social order, shape our motivations, our desires, and our beliefs about the world we encounter†(Plous, 1993). Our management decisions are shaped are also shaped under the impact of business environment and the objectives we expect to meet in our management activity. We tend to take decisions, which are primary based on our perception of the world around us (Connolly, 2000). One of the major problems in management decision making is in that a person can hardly be objective in taking decisions. The lack of objectivity leads to the situation, when we do not take into account multiple environmental factors, impacting our decisions.            Evidently, there cannot be any better explanation to Lampert’s decision, that the self-perception theory. This theory deals with the human perceptions and the ways they incorporate their perceptions into their daily behavior (Plous, 1993). To be clear, Lampert’s expectations and beliefs into his managerial skills and the ability to cope with a large retail enterprise were not justified from the start. In this case, the major question to be answered was â€Å"what am I to do to make this enterprise profitable?†Trying to answer this question, and taking decisions in the discussed framework, Lampert has concluded that the best solution for the situation would be tying himself to the daily company’s activity. Moreover, it was not enough for him to stay ahead; he had to manage, but this decision lacked theoretical and practical foundations. This is how Lampert’s pseudo opinions impacted the overall performance of the company (Plous, 1993). Respondents are influenced by pseudo opinions when they do not know much about the issue or when they know nothing about it (Plous, 1993). In Lampert’s case, attribution heuristics has greatly contributed into the negative decision outcomes: Lampert was obviously justifying his behavior as situationally-produced. As a result, he has underestimated the lack of his managerial skills (Plous, 1993).            Critical thinking is the integral part of the decision making process. â€Å"Most international managers find it extremely challenging to evaluate a written or spoken commentary on a hot topic because both sides of the controversy seem to have good arguments†(Safi & Burrell, 2007). Has Lampert’s decision been caused by critical thinking approach? Definitely, it has: for a long period of time, Sears was criticized for lacking a management team with retail experience and for Lampert’s being a micromanager who hampered the business (Barbaro, 2008). As a result, Lampert was driven to the situation in which he had to admit his managerial mistakes due to the two facts: the external criticism, and the objective financial data confirming the $14 million financial losses.            Recommendations            The case of Edward S. Lampert is a brilliant example of a situation, in which successful manager has overestimated his skills and has not applied any critical thinking approach before the decision was made. As a result, numerous pseudo opinions and the lack of objective information have led to significant gaps in the company’s performance. In order to take a good decision, a manager must â€Å"understand, what result is desirable and the tools available to us for making good decisions†(Safi & Burrell, 2007). There are several recommendations for a manager in similar situations. First, it is crucial that the manager avoids pseudo opinions. In this aspect, the wording of the question to answer is very important. In order to create effective decisions, managers must be able to formulate the questions. Properly wording the issue crucially impacts the effectiveness of the chosen answers, and as a result, the managerial activities which lead or do not lead to business success. â€Å"Be honest with yourself about the agendas and motives. Are you really gathering information to help you make a smart choice, or are you just looking for evidence confirming your preconceived notions?†(Safi & Burrell, 2007). Not only objectivity and evaluation of one’s skills have led Sears to failure. It is also the inability to properly formulate the goals of such actions: what aims did Lampert have in his actions? Did he want to promote his enterprise profitability or himself as a successful manager? He had to answer those questions before he undertook any real actions which later almost pushed the company into the flow of negative consequences.            Conclusion            In his decision to quit day-to-day management of Sears, Lampert has finally come to one of the crucial elements in the decision-making process: he was able to recall the key facts and decision-making variables. The list of these variables included financial indices and persistent criticism of Sears’ performance. As a result, Lampert was finally able to take the best decision possible in the problematic situation. However, it is still unclear whether hiring a new CEO was based on any objective grounds or would require thorough re-consideration in the nearest future. One may hope that this re-consideration will not be caused by a new management decision-making failure. References Barbaro, M. (2008). Sears’ chairman will take a step back. The New York Times. Retrieved February 1, 2008 from http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/29/business/29sears.html?ref=business–qG4vaywTPkZypAw Connolly, T. (2000). Judgment and decision making: An interdisciplinary reader. Cambridge University Press. Plous, S. (1993). The Psychology of judgment and decision making. McGraw-Hill. Safi, A. & Burrell, D.N. (2007). Developing advanced decision-making skills in international leaders and managers. Vikalpa, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 1-8. Â
Wednesday, October 23, 2019
Sex Industry
The term sex industry refers to the people and organizations that provide sexual products, services, or performances in exchange for monetary compensation. The term encompasses a variety of enterprises, including print, video, and Internet pornography, prostitution, phone sex operations, sex shops, massage parlors, and strip clubs. Those employed in the sex industry are typically known as sex workers and might include street prostitutes, call girls, escorts, strippers, exotic dancers, phone sex operators, brothel workers, erotic masseuses, and actors/actresses in pornographic films.The sex industry also includes the managers, staff, owners, producers, directors, photographers, pimps, madams, businesses, organizations, and enterprises that provide the infrastructure and support necessary to this multi-billion-dollar industry. As a male my outlook on the sex industry will be much different than if I were a female, due to the profession or the lack there of, being 80% female according t o The Spot Light on the Sex Industry by Patrick McDonald.In today’s society it is still considered immoral and illegal in most places to participate in the sex trade, although it has been around for hundreds of years. Contrary to the ugly stereotypes of prostitutes as fallen women, dope addicts, or disease carriers,* sex workers are women at work supporting children as single parents, trying to save money to go to school, surviving economically in a job market that underpays women at every economic level.Because of the nature of the sex industry, in which many enterprises are illegal or only semi- legitimate and in which much earnings and activity goes unreported, estimates of the scope of the industry are necessarily flawed. Nonetheless, all available data suggest that the sex industry plays a very significant role in the U. S. economy, as in other countries. Since the rise of video recording technology and home videocassette players in the early 1980s, the consumption of ha rd-core pornographic videos in the United States has increased dramatically.A federal study in the 1970s estimated that the total value of hard-core porn in the United States was under $10 million; by 1996 estimates indicated Americans were spending more than $8 billion per year on pornographic videos and magazines, sex shows, peep shows, and sex toys (Schlosser 1997). This figure included 665 million hardcore video rentals, $150 million spent on pay-per-view adult movies, and $175 million on pornographic movies viewed in hotel rooms.
Tuesday, October 22, 2019
Ace the Interview Avoid These Questions!
Ace the Interview Avoid These Questions! The most stressful part of an interview for many people is when you’ve recapped the job responsibilities and your experience and the hiring manager leans back and says, â€Å"So, do you have any questions for me?†The recruiting whiz kids over at Careerealism have compiled a list of red flag questions that would make any employer think twice about your application- all you have to do is remember to ask anything else.â€Å"Are you going to check my Facebook?†Recent court cases have actually begun to tilt in favor of applicant privacy, but it’s always better not to ask something that makes you look guilty. Before you go in for an interview, double-check your privacy settings and make sure you’ve vetted your friends list. Consider locking your Twitter and Instagram if you tend to be very free with your words there too!â€Å"What are the company perks?†If the company that’s interviewing wants to hire you, odds are they will tell you wha t perks to expect! Hold off until you’re filling out hiring paperwork with HR to ask about things like tech discounts or mileage reimbursements. A roundabout way to uncover the same information is â€Å"What do you love about working here?†or â€Å"How do you find the workplace culture?†â€Å"Will I have to work evenings or weekends?†Again, wait until you have a job offer and see what your contract says. Nobody who â€Å"really wants a job†would ask this question- at least that’s how your prospective employer is likely to see it. Even if you know you’ll have childcare or transportation concerns, until the ink is dry, at least create the illusion that the company’s productivity comes before your own!â€Å"What exactly does your company do?†You would be better off kicking your shoes off and taking a nap mid-interview than asking this one. Who applies for a job- or worse, schedules an interview!- without learning at least a little about the company they’re visiting!? Believe me, I’ve been in that frenzied state of applying to e.v.e.r.y.t.h.i.n.g, and when I got the exciting interview call or email, I had to quickly Google and find out who on earth I’d just agreed to meet with.Do your research! Have a recent recent article that mentions the company or one of its clients ready to refer to, and have specific questions about this job in this department. They don’t have to be particularly soul-searching, but they should be focused and reflect actual curiosity on your part.Now make sure your buttons are buttoned and your shoes are shined, and go ace that interview!
Monday, October 21, 2019
Film Noir, Vincent Vincendeau essays
Film Noir, Vincent Vincendeau essays The theme of this French article is the French antecedents of film noir. Film noir is a term used to describe the large body of films in America in the period of 1941-58, generally they focus on urban crime and corruption, on sudden episodes of violence in a culture whos fabric seems to be unravelling. They crumble the American dreams most basic promices, of hope prosperity and safety from persecution. Film noir is a term given to films of the 40s and 50s in America by some French film critics translated as black film they were often based on crime fiction. The articles sarcastic title gives an impression of Ginette Vincendeaus appreciation of early French cinema and its links with film noir. In the article he discusses a study conducted by French critics of the mid 50s, Raymond Boyde and Etienne Chaumeton. In their book they dismiss the European influence on American film noir as feeble and the French as especially insignificant. Vincendeau suggests that their analysis is in some respects unarguable because French cinema on the whole is Realist unlike film noirs surreal styles. Visual motifs of dark, low key lighting Vincendeau states a less bias and more thoughrough look at the french cinema of the 1930s reveals strong intertextual links with American film noir, via film makers careers, filmic re-workings and more diffuse cultural references. Major contributors to film noir- Robert Siodmark, Fritz Lang, Billy wilder, Max Ophuls, Jaques Tourner and Chris Bernhardt had seen plenty of French films of the 1930s. They had been sent to France under the Nazi regime and film industry internationalion only ...
Sunday, October 20, 2019
Athletes and Financial Investment Firms
Does the acquisition of material goods or financial gains insure financial stability? Is there peace of mind for an individual once these goals of procurement are achieved? Is there anyway to insure financial peace of mind? The simple answer would be to become a professional athlete, to win the lottery, or marry into Bill Gate†s family. However, these are all long shots for a majority of the world. But even these do not guarantee long-term financial stability. That is why it is becoming increasingly important to possess a high level of competency in the area of wealth management. What exactly is wealth management? Wealth management is the proficient administration of one†s total assets through financial planning and accurately allocating wealth to achieve a financial goal. Financial planning integrates the execution of various financial services, which promote growth, and stability of an investor†s wealth. Planning is differentiated according to the specific needs and focus of individuals. A high-net-worth individual would bear distinct goals that differentiate from that of a small-time investor. Albeit that these investors may have unique objectives, the necessity for a competent provider of such financial services is evident. The world of finance is unpredictable and continuously shifting. Investors find themselves overwhelmed by intimidation caused by the perception that investment firms are bottom-line oriented with no regard to their personal financial goals. As a result, investment firms are making resilient efforts to educate investors and offer them extended financial services. These services are specifically designed through a financial plan, which caters to the individual investor. Athletes and Financial Investment Firms Does the acquisition of material goods or financial gains insure financial stability? Is there peace of mind for an individual once these goals of procurement are achieved? Is there anyway to insure financial peace of mind? The simple answer would be to become a professional athlete, to win the lottery, or marry into Bill Gate†s family. However, these are all long shots for a majority of the world. But even these do not guarantee long-term financial stability. That is why it is becoming increasingly important to possess a high level of competency in the area of wealth management. What exactly is wealth management? Wealth management is the proficient administration of one†s total assets through financial planning and accurately allocating wealth to achieve a financial goal. Financial planning integrates the execution of various financial services, which promote growth, and stability of an investor†s wealth. Planning is differentiated according to the specific needs and focus of individuals. A high-net-worth individual would bear distinct goals that differentiate from that of a small-time investor. Albeit that these investors may have unique objectives, the necessity for a competent provider of such financial services is evident. The world of finance is unpredictable and continuously shifting. Investors find themselves overwhelmed by intimidation caused by the perception that investment firms are bottom-line oriented with no regard to their personal financial goals. As a result, investment firms are making resilient efforts to educate investors and offer them extended financial services. These services are specifically designed through a financial plan, which caters to the individual investor.
Friday, October 18, 2019
Email and Internet Usage Policies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Email and Internet Usage Policies - Essay Example Upon orientation, which all new staff must go through, rules and regulations regarding use of the company intranet and email system are clearly spelled out, in a specific section of the employee handbook. Instructions are also given on how to handle setting up new accounts, dealing with technical support issues and any other questions regarding the intranet or email. New employees meet with at least one member of the IT staff during orientation. Each new employee is visited by a member of IT staff within 24 hours, if contact via email or phone does not solve a specific problem an employee has. Specific policy regarding email applies to all employees, whether administrative, health care, support or maintenance staff. For health care or medical records staff who may have frequent contact with other care providers, policies regarding patient information are reviewed during orientation. It is acceptable for health care staff to email others within the organization on patient status or ot her pertinent information, particularly when some new records have not been scanned into the system. However, health care workers are encouraged to fax necessary records or supporting documents. Health care staff within the organization are encouraged to print pertinent emails regarding patient status, attach them to patient records, then delete messages. All messages are automatically deleted after 3 days. Archiving of email messages is discouraged, as it poses a risk of patient information falling into the wrong hands, though the risk is slim.
The impact of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles on our society Essay
The impact of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles on our society - Essay Example The possibilities of building systems that openly endanger societies all over the world are at least as huge as the possibility of applying this technology for constructive intentions or for the greater good. This essay presents an analysis of the positive and negative impacts of UAVs on societies and warfare. The Costs and Benefits of Unmanned Systems The design, construction, and use of UAVs will transform national security policy and society significantly. As more and more societies begin to use more automated processes, movement into areas affecting national security policy will certainly take place. The likelihood of building remotely operated, armed UAVs no longer sounds unbelievable. As expected, the development of UAVs would radically transform air battle. UAVs offer numerous advantages over manned structures, such as preventing human casualties, enabling flight control, and being more affordable or cost-effective (Bone & Bolkcom 2004, 10). UAVs enable a range of military and civilian operations not possible beforehand with manned systems and enable these operations to be carried out without risking the lives of the pilots, who operate at distant control centers. In counterinsurgency combat, the primary advantage of UAVs is an enhanced capacity to locate, deal with, and terminate enemies, while reducing civilian fatalities. Usually, UAVs would monitor a suspect and send the coordinates to a control station, where staffs would discuss with senior officials and look at maps in order to track civilian networks or buildings. After the discussion, the control station would dispatch directives to an airborne vehicle (Owen & Mueller 2007, 49). Moreover, as P.W. Singer observes, using UAVs give pilots the opportunity to engage in further risks with their vehicles, like hanging around longer and flying closer to the ground, hence resulting in a more precise attack. UAVs hence help commanding officers prevent civilian casualties during their attacksâ€â€an imp ortant factor in counterinsurgency combat (Callam 2010, 3). Unmanned aerial vehicles have further strengthened and sped up the evolving characteristic of warfare, and have been promoted for civilian uses such as search and rescue, wider security, and in observation of disaster-prone territories. Advancements in technology currently allow combatants to employ UAVs to deal with opponents from distant locations such as the Middle East. It also enables search and rescue attempts to be carried out in isolated locations or inaccessible ruins via the application of search and rescue automatons (Valavanis et al. 2009, 452). These automated machines have kept humans from entering dangerous situations. In a nutshell, the benefits of employing UAVs in comparison to using a manned system, are UAVs do not include, or require, a trained pilot aboard; lessen the exposure hazard to the pilot; can go into places that are hostile to humans; can remain airborne for more than 24 hours, conducting an ac curate, constant monitoring of a territory (e.g. conducting thermal or visual scan of an area, conducting a geological scan, etc.); and can be designed to accomplish operations independently even without communication with its operator (Callam 2010, 2). But UAVs are not completely blemish-free. The use of UAVs has also received several criticisms. Several learned observers argue that the application of
Top Mama's Case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
Top Mama's Case - Essay Example Upon leaving the studio, she was arrested and charged with indecent exposure. Top Mama was found guilty and sentenced to jail term of 30 days. Her conviction in the lower courts was upheld. Reaching this Supreme Court, we should clearly discuss the First and Fourteenth Amendments invoked in this case. According to Mark Stevens (2003), all together, there are six (6) rights guaranteed by the First Amendment -- religion, speech, press, assembly, association, and petition -- Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. Collectively, they protect what is known as the freedom of expression (Stevens, 2003). Mark Stevens (2003) stated that association is a derivative right from speech, assembly, and petition. The right to free speech is more commonly referre d to as freedom of speech.  Justice Hugo Black (1937-1971) was the last to believe the absolutist interpretation of the First Amendment which states that â€Å"Congress shall make no law†means that Congress shall make no law. Such an absolutist interpretation of the First Amendment leaves no restrictions on obscenity, libel, or slander (Stevens, 2003). More predominant interpretations look at speech as distinct from speech plus conduct, or the effects of speech. Congress has every right in the world to control these things (Stevens, 2003). It's also possible to draw upon the social contract theories of the founding fathers to understand that the First Amendment was intended to serve several important social functions. These functions include educational function, safety valve function, truth-seeking function, and lastly, the social obligation function. These social functions indicates that the First Amendment is about protecting the public good rather than individual freedom and that freedom of speech in America has never been absolute (Stevens, 2003). In the case at bar, Top Mama was invoking the First Amendment on freedom of speech, or in her case, the symbolic speech. Symbolic speech is the nonverbal communication similar to speech or conduct that may receive protection under the 1st Amendment. During 1960s and 1970s, the main issue was symbolic speech which Antiwar protesters were not so much saying things as doing things, like burning flag, draft cards, holding sit-ins, love-ins and the like (Stevens, 2003). According to Stevens (2003), one of the first cases which considered whether symbolic speech such as this deserved constitutional protection was the 1968 case of U.S. v. O'Brien. In the O'Brien Test, governments must have a substantial government interest that is not related to suppressing the message before contemplating action restricting expressive conduct or symbolic speech such as it is unconstitutional to have a flag desecration law if the only reason for having it is that people should respect the flag (Stevens, 2003). This is the most widely-used test. The Court was providing absolute protection to the message, but not the conduct (Stevens, 2003). O'Brien involves some deep psychological issues as the critical test for separating message from conduct (Stevens, 2003).Thought and belief are not subject to government control, but speech is often the link between thought and action (Stevens, 2003). The current situation is that symbolic speech, like flag-burning, is constitutionally protected. In a narrow 5-4 majority with Texas v. Johnson (1989), the Court upheld the right to burn the flag, regardless of its symbolism, as long as a disturbance of the peace does not occur (Stevens, 2003).
Thursday, October 17, 2019
Civil liberties Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words
Civil liberties - Essay Example Classification of certain things for the safety of the whole society is important and the Patriot Act maintains this classification. Warrants and wire traps should be classified when a terrorist is under question and our rights to know about the surroundings are limited in these situations. However the classification and limited rights should only apply to a person who is known to be linked to terrorist acts. The authorities should make sure that a person is dealing with terrorism before he is taken into consideration for limited rights. In my view our rights should be limited and we should not know about any of the movements done by the government agencies. These acts of limitations would help the government agencies to exploit the terrorists and eliminate terrorism from the grass root level. In conclusion it can be said that our right to know has become very limited in the world today because of the increasing terrorism all over the world.
Breast Feeding and Childhood Obesity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words
Breast Feeding and Childhood Obesity - Essay Example It has been estimated that 80% overweight adolescents continue to be obese in adulthood (Noller and Paulk, 2005). Added to these problems, childhood obesity imposes huge health care costs on the nation (The Role of Media in Childhood Obesity, 2004). Childhood obesity and overweight also increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood (Eisenmann, Bartee and Wang2002). Obesity usually begins at 5-6 years of age and then during adolescence. There are reports that obesity between 10- 13 years of age is likely to advance to adult obesity (AACAP, 2008). Thus, measures to prevent childhood obesity become very essential to decrease mortality and morbidity in adulthood. One such measure is breast feeding. Research has shown that breast feeding has several benefits both to the mother and baby. One such benefit is protective effect of childhood obesity. In this study, the protective effect of breast feeding during infancy on the development of obesity in childhood will be evaluated and ascertained. The observations made by the researcher during clinical practice and field visit placements have inspired him to conduct this research. Childhood obesity is a challenge to the society and the physicians. It leads to adult obesity and is associated with mortality and morbidity. This aspect inspired the author to conduct research. As Burns and Grove (1997) stated, clinical experience frequently gives rise to the identification of a research topic and expands scope for reflection. Reflective practice is essential to clinical practice and provides a retrospective look at current practice and questions the reason for doing so. Thus, it is because of reflection that the author was able to raise questions which prompted to this research study. Literature review Several studies have been conducted in the past to ascertain the impact of breast feeding in early years of life on the development of obesity later in life. According to a study conducted by von Kries, Koletzo, Sauerwald et al (1999), there exists a clear dose-response relationship between the duration of breast feeding on the prevalence of childhood obesity and overweight. According to the study, breast feeding has a protective effect on the development of obesity and overweight. In their study, the prevalence was "3.8% for 2 months of exclusive breast feeding, 2.3% for 3-5 months, 1.7% for 6-12 months, and 0.8% for more than 12 months" for obesity and overweight. The authors concluded that prolonged breast feeding is a useful preventive measure for the development of childhood obesity and overweight and that such a measure will decrease the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and other morbidity and mortality associated with obesity. According to a systematic review conducted b y Arenz, Ruckerl, Koletzko et al (2004), breast feeding h
Wednesday, October 16, 2019
Greendex Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words
Greendex - Essay Example ers through a common measurement scale of variables to every raster and weighting all separately according to their importance and placing them together to come up with an integrated analysis (Symington and Dunford 44). It has been noted that the Greendex has employed all the comfort, dexterity, fit, and toughness expected from the N-DEX disposal glove with integration of the eco best technology that is noted to accelerate biodegradation especially in landfills thereby boosting environmental performance. The Greendex system empowers consumers across the world to employ sustainable consumption. The system achieves this through its feedback system that provides consumers and their consumption patterns of compatriots. Moreover, the Greendex has a GlobeScan system that works directly in supporting the mission of the National Geographic that inspires people to take care of their plant by changing not only their leadership system but also the nature of their human behaviors. Therefore, unlike the old conceptual where human behavior was never monitored in relation to the environment conservation, the new conceptual framework or the Greendex has initiated mechanism for environmental conservation through changing human behavior as well as assessing progress on such human behavior change and the progress of sustainable consumption across major world economies. Notably, before this new model, consumer had never developed behaviors that were environmental friendly and their consumption habits were never stainable, but rather led to enormous production of carbon dioxide into the environment. Carbon dioxide among other greenhouse gases has been known to be injurious to the environment especially on their effect of ozone layer depletion. It should be noted that the depletion of the ozone layer has since led to numerous changes to the world climate especially leading to global warming that have since has diverse and devastating effects to the environment (Symington and Dunford
Breast Feeding and Childhood Obesity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words
Breast Feeding and Childhood Obesity - Essay Example It has been estimated that 80% overweight adolescents continue to be obese in adulthood (Noller and Paulk, 2005). Added to these problems, childhood obesity imposes huge health care costs on the nation (The Role of Media in Childhood Obesity, 2004). Childhood obesity and overweight also increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood (Eisenmann, Bartee and Wang2002). Obesity usually begins at 5-6 years of age and then during adolescence. There are reports that obesity between 10- 13 years of age is likely to advance to adult obesity (AACAP, 2008). Thus, measures to prevent childhood obesity become very essential to decrease mortality and morbidity in adulthood. One such measure is breast feeding. Research has shown that breast feeding has several benefits both to the mother and baby. One such benefit is protective effect of childhood obesity. In this study, the protective effect of breast feeding during infancy on the development of obesity in childhood will be evaluated and ascertained. The observations made by the researcher during clinical practice and field visit placements have inspired him to conduct this research. Childhood obesity is a challenge to the society and the physicians. It leads to adult obesity and is associated with mortality and morbidity. This aspect inspired the author to conduct research. As Burns and Grove (1997) stated, clinical experience frequently gives rise to the identification of a research topic and expands scope for reflection. Reflective practice is essential to clinical practice and provides a retrospective look at current practice and questions the reason for doing so. Thus, it is because of reflection that the author was able to raise questions which prompted to this research study. Literature review Several studies have been conducted in the past to ascertain the impact of breast feeding in early years of life on the development of obesity later in life. According to a study conducted by von Kries, Koletzo, Sauerwald et al (1999), there exists a clear dose-response relationship between the duration of breast feeding on the prevalence of childhood obesity and overweight. According to the study, breast feeding has a protective effect on the development of obesity and overweight. In their study, the prevalence was "3.8% for 2 months of exclusive breast feeding, 2.3% for 3-5 months, 1.7% for 6-12 months, and 0.8% for more than 12 months" for obesity and overweight. The authors concluded that prolonged breast feeding is a useful preventive measure for the development of childhood obesity and overweight and that such a measure will decrease the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and other morbidity and mortality associated with obesity. According to a systematic review conducted b y Arenz, Ruckerl, Koletzko et al (2004), breast feeding h
Tuesday, October 15, 2019
Accounting for the IPhone Essay Example for Free
Accounting for the IPhone Essay 1. Compare the GAAP and Non-GAAP data and discuss their impact on the financial statements. In comparing data, when Apple reported its Q4 FY 2008 financial results on October 21, 2008, it reported both GAAP and Non-GAAP economic data. Under GAAP, Apple reported quarterly revenue of $7.9 billion and net profit of $1.1 billion. Under Non-GAAP, revenues amounted to $11.7 billion and net profit totaled $2.4 billion. The difference between GAAP and Non-GAAP revenues and net profit were $3.8 billion and $1.3 billion respectively. Needless to say, such a large difference will have a huge impact on the income statement and balance sheet. Both financial statements would be greatly understated. Apple reported both GAAP and Non-GAAP financial data because of this large difference and they felt that the GAAP data did not correctly portray Apples financial statements. 2. Which method best reflects the economic reality? I believe both GAAP and Non-GAAP accurately reflect Apples economic reality. Each method just simply presents Apples financial data in a different way. Under GAAP, revenue from iPhone is deferred and is recognized on a straight line basis over a 24 month period. This type of subscription accounting is required because Apple chose to give future, free software upgrades with the iPhone. GAAP requires this to prevent companies from trying to over-inflate revenues by increasing sales with the promise of a free incentive in the future then not delivering on the promise. See more: Sleep Deprivation Problem Solution Speech Essay Under GAAP, the huge increase in iPhone sales is represented in the deferred revenue accounts and the cash from operating activities on the statement of cash flows. Apples non-GAAP statements recognize revenue from iPhone sales immediately, instead of in a deferred account, and is represented by the increase in revenue and net profit. To investors, the non-GAAP statements are more impressive because of the large increase in revenue and net profit. However, the truth of the matter is that both methods present the same information but in different accounts and at different times.
Monday, October 14, 2019
Tesco PESTEL Framework
Tesco PESTEL Framework Introduction Tesco is the largest organization in the UK and one of the biggest supermarket chains in the world. Tesco is one of the top three supermarkets in the world, Tesco operating over 3700 stores globally and employing over 440,000 people. The company operates in 13 countries outside the UK. There are many factors which contribute directly to the success of this leading super market chain. Business Strategy plays a pivotal role in the success of Tesco. Tescos History Tesco was founded in 1920s by Sir Jack Cohen, to setup high street grocery stores in and around London. Tesco name used for the first time in Edgeware London in 1929. The name was drawn from the initials of the companys tea supplier (T.E Stockwell), and Cohens own name. In 1930s when Mr. Cohen built a headquarters and warehouse in North London, its brand continually rises. In 1932 Tesco formally established as a private limited company. In 1947 Tesco stores (holdings) ltd floated on the stock exchange with a share price of 25p. In 1990s the company introduce a slogan Every Little Help, they also introduce Club card scheme in 1995. Tesco personal Finance was introduced in 1997, in order to provide its customers with a wide array of financial services, including visa card, and Tesco saving account in stores bank branches. Today it reported that group sales were  £51.8bn in the year to February 23 2008. Pre-tax profit rose to  £2.8bn. Company Analysis: PESTEL Framework Political Factors Tesco is operating in different countries, so due to its globalised operation its performance is highly affected by the Political and legislative conditions of these countries. According to Balchin, 1994 the Govt encourages the retailers to provide mix job from flexible and locally based jobs to highly skilled, higher-paid and centrally located jobs. (Balchin, 1994) Economical Factors Tesco is also affected by economical factors, such as costs, demand, prices and profits. Unemployment is the most important influential factor which decreases the effective demand for many goods. Basically Tesco is affected indirectly by the economic factor, but their affect on performance and the marketing mix can be learned. Social/Cultural Factors Due to the rapid change in trends, the company expand the amount of non food items available for sale. The UK customers have moved towards one stop and huge shopping, due to the variety of social changes. It also affected by Demographic changes such as population, female worker are increased, so the company will have to focusing added- value products and services. Technological Factors Technology factors are affected the development of many of the Tesco products. Both customers and company are capitalized from the Technology, because customer satisfaction mount for goods readily available, services becomes more quick and shopping more convenient. The lunch of the efficient Consumer Response initiative provided the shift that is now apparent in management of food supply chains. (Data monitor Report, 2003) The company uses the following technologies: Wireless Devices Intelligent scale Electronic shelf labelling Self check-out machine Radio Frequency identification (RFID) Companys Analysis: Porters Five Forces Threat of New Entrants The UK grocery market is primary henpecked by few competitors, including four major brands of Tesco, Asda, Sainsburys and Morisons that process a market share of 70% and small chain of Somerfield, Waitrose, and lidle with further 10%. However, due to the large operation they built their power to operating efficiency, one-stop shopping and major marketing mix expenditure. Hence, nowadays it possesses a strong barrier for new companies who crave to enter the grocery market. To become a market leader Tesco invest huge money in large chain, advance technology for checkout and stock control system that impact the new entrants and existing ones. Bargaining Power of Customers According to Michael Porter, the more products that become standardised or undifferentiated, the lower the switching cost, and hence more power is yielded to buyers. Porters M. (1980). Tescos famous loyalty card Club card keep the most successful customer holding strategy that tremendously increases the profitability of Tescos business. To fulfil customers needs, custom-make service, ensure low prices, better choices, constant flow of in store promotions enables brands like Tesco to control and hold their customer base. Bargaining Power of Supplier Tesco has negotiating better promotional prices from supplier that small individual chains are unable to match. And this is company policy and company main approach to have unparallel relationships with suppliers. Threat of Substitutes According to the Porters theory, General substitution is able to reduce demand for a particular product, as there is a threat of consumers switching to the alternatives (Porter M1980). However in the grocery market this can be seen in the form of product for product, new trends such as the way of small and convenient stores are emerging in the market. Bargaining Power of Competitors Tesco is operating in mature market, where growth is difficult, and consumer are extend demanding and advanced, large chains as company take place large amounts of consumer information that can be used to communicate with consumer. Therefore the preponderant market leaders have responded refocusing on price and value, whilst reinforcing the added value elements of their service. Analysis of Resources, Competence and Culture For the company, customer is first priorities, by the time of recession, a research shows that price are ranked as the most important margins not seen in twodecades. Therefore the company believe that their job is to help the customer with less spending. So the company launched value line, the famous blue stripes, the company would be able to provide the cheapest grocery shop in the country discounter included. The company maintain its position through a clear focus, well targeted product offer and excellent record both in product and format design. Core Competence Core competence is the processes that critically underpin the companys competitive advantage. Tesco primary target is to recognise that competition between businesses is as much a race for competence as it is for market position and market power. Hence, the Company have to focus the attending on competencies that really influence competitive advantage. Core competence is basically the process to develop the key area of a business in which the company expert, which bring a distinctive advantage over the competitors, and also critically connected with company long term growth. However, it will be important for Tesco to look at the generic level. Therefore in this case, Tescos expertise are most likely to mature central area of business where the most value added to its services and its devilries. For example, trust on Tesco brand prevarication at the heart of these services In addition, Core competencies of a Tesco have rather rigid, but a research shows that core competencies have to elastic, and it should be change in response to change in companys environment over the time. Therefore the company need to accommodate and create new idea and also new opportunity in the market. For example, Tesco launched its loyalty card and went into banking. Tesco able to enter into retailing of food and non food products was a clear distinctive brand proposition that had a focus on a properly define market section. The company also provide a strong and efficient customer service, based on a good customer relationship. Tesco Strategic Options: Generic Strategies Introduction: According to Porter (1985), competitive advantage arises from selection of the generic strategy that best fits the organisations competitive environment and then organizing activities to support the chosen strategy. These strategies are characterised by the company in response to their structure and environment of the organization. However to obtain a competitive advantage Tesco should follow one of the three strategies, which is developed by Porter. Cost Leadership Tesco accommodate the first strategy of cost leadership in which can endeavour the lowest costs in the market and offer its products and services to broad market at the lowest prices. The company are more focusing on the effective saving programme call Step-Change. By this programme the company delivered  £540 million of productivity and other saving in the year, which mostly reinvested in improving the shopping trip for customers. To reducing the amount of energy the company introduce better ways of working to improve the efficiency by making things better for customers, simpler for stop and cheaper for company. For example, according to a report, in the last year the company saved 52,000 deliveries to companys stores by using larger-fill-double-decked vehicles, which in turn have also 12 million road miles. Some other example of these projects which delivered substantial savings in the year includes: Saving in the Supply Chain-the company using more shelf-ready packaging and reconfiguring the depot network to increased vehicle utilisation and more productive work methods in depots and stores. For example the distribution cost more held in cash terms and reduced in percentage of sales terms. By this method the company achieved despite higher fuel costs. Installed Energy Saving-the company significantly invest in energy-saving projects across the business- such as new refrigeration, store lobbies and lighting, its helping the company to absorb utility costs. From the energy consumption the company fell by 8% last year despite business growth. Low wage employees- the company have around 31000 employees working in India as Global Support Centre, which provides IT and administrative support to UK and International operationsfrom software development to management accounting and payroll. If the company use another strategy of differentiation, the company then tries to offer a good services and product with unequal features that customers value. With the differentiation strategy the company created a brand loyalty for their offering, and price inelasticity on the parts of buyers. For example to achieve a better and more efficient service provide by the company to checkouts, many more customers didnt have to queue last year and customer continue to rank the company for speed of services at the checkout. Another example of this approach, the company have different brand product according to their feature, speciality, and reliability. Such as Tesco value, Finest, Organic etc Value Chain Primary Activities Inbound logistics According to Alex Laffey, we choose G-Logs logistics and transportation technology because their solution will support and enhance our low-cost, high quality approach to growth in the retail market. Major factors in our decision to select G-Log were the close and demonstrable fit of their software to our requirements, and their ability to rapidly deploy the solution in phases to meet our aggressive project time frame. G-log is providing visibility, optimization, and execution will enable the company to integrate their supplier, partners and logistics service providers, delivering real-time visibility of in transit orders, whilst optimising the transportation resources by both consolidating loads and selecting the most cost effective carrier. The G-log continues to shows to deliver significant result, and to provide value to its customers, in terms of improved customer services, reduced costs and enhanced competitive advantage. Outbound Logistics Outbound logistics is concerned with the delivering the product to the customer. The company adds value to its home delivery services. Tesco also trying to improve other tangible that have to be improved, such as parking facilities, trolley collectors, staff on self service checkout, and also to saying to customer hello hey and thank you with smiling face. The company making small improvements in everything with Every Little Help is about the company work together on the little things, its amount to a great deal. It keeps the focused on what matters most to customers. The company do not sacrifice all the other things that are so important to customers, such as not having to queue and being able to get everything that they want. Support Activities Company Infrastructure The company introduce software Real Time Integrator (RTI) which provides retailer with faster access to critical business information, through the provision and use of accurate, detailed, point-of-sale (POS) information. Sale data from individual store database will be routed to head office in XML to Microsoft server and Microsoft SQL. The solution handles 1500 sales transactions a second at peak times, which each have an average of between 50 and 100 items. To reduce the number not the on file items the first application for RTI will pilot for 120 stores, which improve the customer experience. Human Resources Management Tesco introduce a high commitment model which offers training and development to all employees. In addition the company extend their logo through their culture to prove their commitment to employees as well as to customers. The company continue to invest in customer services where training is also directly linked to pay, therefore the staff is motivated to learn and encourage their approach to customers and services and the provision of qualities. Conclusion With the research carried out, the company shows how the branding and effective service delivery can come in moving beyond splashing ones logo on billboard. The company made their market leader due to their successful and dynamic strategies. The company also made a powerful brand and powerful identities making their retailing concept into various and spending it out into the culture via a variety of channels. Such culture sponsorship, political controversy, consumer experience and brand extensions. The company change their culture and business environment very rapidly due to the high competitors pressure. The company also have to diversify the product and expand their strategies in order to sustain in its leading market position. This is already established by the company. Tesco need to make sure, to have the combination of good customer services, competitive pricing and efficiency when they launching a new product. Tesco has definitely has the potential and can compete with other store if the company get the above combination right. REFERENCES http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2007/nov/09/supermarkets.tesco1 Tesco history from. http://www.telegraph.co.uk http://www.cn.tesco.com/en/aboutus/aboutus_history.htm http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/analysis-and-features/tesco-thinks-small-to-be-big-in-america-394385.html Datamonitor Report (2003) Food retail industry profile: United Kingdom, January; Datamonitor Report (2003) SWOT Analysis Tesco PLC, July; Datamonitor Report (2003) Company Profile: Tesco PLC Analysis, October; Tesco Annual Report and Financial Statement 2009, To find out more go towww.tesco.com/annualreport09 De Toni A. and Tonchia S. (2003) Strategic planning and firms competencies: Traditional approaches and new perspectives, International Journal of Operations Production Management, Vol. 23 Issue 9, pp.947-976; http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0FNP/is_4_44/ai_n13248624/ http://www.tesco.com/talkingtesco/oldDefault.asp Drejer A. (2000) Organisational learning and competence development, The Learning Organization: An International Journal, Vol. 7 Issue 4, pp.206-220; Finch P. (2004) Supply chain risk management, Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, Vol. 9 Issue 2, pp.183-196; Graiser A. and Scott T. (2004) Understanding the Dynamics of the Supermarket Sector, The Secured Lender, Vol. 60 Issue 6, November/December, pp.10-14; Johnson G. and Scholes K. (2003) Exploring Corporate Strategy, 6th ed.,Prentice Hill: London; Lindgreen A. and Hingley M. (2003) The impact of food safety and animal welfare policies on supply chain management: The case of the Tesco meat supply chain, British Food Journal, Vol. 105 Issue 6, pp.328-349; MarketWatch (2004) Company Spotlight: Tesco, Datamonitor, September; Mintel Report (2004) Food Retailing -UK, Retail Intelligence, Nobember; Myers H. (2004) Trends in the food retail sector across Europe, European Retail Digest, Spring, Issue 41, pp.1-3; Palmer M. (2004) International retail restructuring and divestment: the experience of Tesco, Journal of Marketing Management, November, Vol. 20 Issue 9/10, pp.1075-1101; Porter M. (1980) How Competitive Forces Shape Strategy, The McKinsey Quartely, Spring 1980, pp.34-50; Ritz (2005) Store wars, Business Review, Vol. 11, April, pp.22-23; Veliyath R. and Fitzgerald E. (2000) Firm Capabilities, Business Strategies, Customer Preferences, and Hypercompetitive Arenas: The Sustainability of Competitive Advantages with Implications for Firm Competitiveness, Competitiveness Review, Vol. 10 Issue 1, pp.56-82; Bibliography Anon (2004) Case Study IV: Tesco implements the business engine network to gain full control of it IT Project Portfolio, Journal of Database Marketing Customer Strategy Management Vol.12. Tesco business strategy, 2008 available at http://www.bized.co.uk/ Tesco business strategy 2008 available at www.tescocorporate.com/images/TescocsrReview02_0.pdf Datamonitor Report (2003) Company Profile: Tesco PLc Analysis, http://university-essays.tripod.com/porters_generic_strategies.html Palmer, M. (2005), Retail multinational learning: a case study of Tesco, International Journal of Retail Distribution Management, Vol. 33 No. 1
Sunday, October 13, 2019
Japans Bio-Warfare Essay example -- essays research papers
While Germany experimented with biological weapons in World War I, the Japanese military practiced biowarfare on a mass scale in the years leading up to and throughout World War II. China became the first nation to experience the horrors of World War II. During the invasion of China, Japanese forces used methods of warfare that led to mass death and suffering on new unimaginable level.      In 1932, a few months after Japanese troops moved into Manchuria, disguised as a water purification plant, Dr. Ishii and his colleagues followed them in. Instead of a water purification plant, they built Zhoghma Fortress, a prison so named because of its location on the outskirts of HARBIN AND ITS INTIMIDATING APPERANCE> EXPERIMENTS WRE DONE ON THE PRISIONERS The majority of these experimental subjects were Chinese, but also included Russians, Mongolians, and Koreans. A notorious division of the Imperial Army called Unit 731 led the destructive aggression. â€Å"My calculation, which is very conservative, and based on incomplete sources as the major archives are still closed, is that 10,000 to 12,000 human beings were exterminated in lab experiments†(Factories of Death: Japanese biological Warfare, 1932-45, and the America Cover-up, Harris, S.H. (1944), London & New York). Japan’s invasion of Manchuria in 1931 gave Ishii the opportunity to begin his horrific experiments on human subjects. In 1938 Japan established Unit 731. Unit 731, a biological-warfare unit that was disguised as a water-purification unit, was formed outside the city of Harbin. In truth, it was a secret research laboratory that utilized humans as guinea pigs. The leader of Unit 731 was physician-researcher Dr. Ishii Shiro. Shiro Ishii was an intelligent Army microbiologist whose flamboyant personality soon attracted attention from his senior officers (Factories of Death: Japanese biological Warfare, 1932-45, and the America Cover-up, Harris, S.H. (1944), London & New York). In this evil facility, Japanese Militarists performed live, un-anesthetized human dissections for the purpose of researching the effects of pathogens. Female prisoners were used for studies on syphilis; humans and animal bloods were injected with each other’s blood to observed the physiological effect s; prisoners were hung upside down until death to see the time course of survival; humans were expose... ... frozen for twenty-four hours and then taken to a hot room to be thawed out. â€Å"They froze me until I was unconscious†¦I could not describe how much it hurt. It hurt so much that I begged the Japs to kill me†(Testimony of Art Campbell, US POW, a survivor of Mukuden, adopted from NBC Dateline â€Å"Factory of Death: Unit 731†August 15, 1995). Children were not immune to the horrors of Unit 731. March 17, 1995, The New York Times also reported, â€Å"Other than the partisans fighting the Japanese, Unit 731 also plucked civilians from the streets whenever they needed subjects. In 1943, a 10 year-old boy was kidnapped and taken to the laboratory dissection table. A person wearing a white cap made a Y-incision in his chest. Blood began to drip from his chest. In less than an hour, his stomach, kidneys, liver, pancreas, and intestines were preserved in jars of formaldehyde. Because they were fresh, the organs were still contracting and making soft murmurs. At this time somebody said, ‘Yo, the organs are still alive.’ Then everybody began to laugh. His brain was not wasted. It too was preserved. The boy was left with only his extremities and an empty abdominal cavity. Everything else was jarred.â€
Saturday, October 12, 2019
Domestic Terrorism Essay -- Violent Crime National Terror Essays
Domestic Terrorism National terrorism has been the focus of attention since September 11. But now domestic terrorism is becoming increasingly common among hate groups across the nation. Domestic terrorism can be defined as visible crime, or â€Å"street crime.†These acts would consist of violent crimes, (acts against people in which injury or death results) property crimes (acts that threaten property held by individuals or the state) and public order crimes. (acts that threaten the general well-being of society and challenger accepted moral principles) It can also however be described as political crime, (criminal acts by or against the government for ideological purposes) which would include the 9/11 and the Oklahoma City bombing.      This article directly relates to the definition of sociology, which is the systematic study of social behavior and human groups. This news item is sociological because it focuses on terrorism which is an act of violence (social/deviant behavior) against a person, group, or an entire nation (human groups). This article focuses on the behavior of domestic terrorist groups or gangs of people such as â€Å"the white supremacists, anti government types, militia members, eco-terrorists and people that hate corporations.†[1] â€Å"They include violent anti-abortionists and black and brown nationalists who envision a separate state for blacks and Latinos.†[1] Throughout this article I will use domestic terrorist groups as the name for the groups listed above. (hate groups, etc.) Many sociological concepts can be applied to this news article; however there are four specific ones which I feel are the best, which are social structure, roles, deviance and social control. Every society has a social structure, which is the way in which a society is organized into predictable/patterned relationships. This relates directly to the human groups, i.e. white supremacists etc. discussed in the news article. When you belong to such a group you stand for something, and the people that occupy the group consider it their own society in which they make their own rules and regulations. They take on different roles which are deviant to our society but acceptable to theirs. In the case of this article these groups all plan and/or commit violent acts against people or other groups because they believe it’s acceptable, which according to us would be orga... ... a mailing list. This would include each organization being sent a packet including the survey (however formatted), and a letter requesting their participation. Then, over a period of time monitor which organizations respond and which do not. Of the ones that don’t respond, a letter of reminder or even another packet could be sent back to the organization. After that, another letter could be sent but it should probably stop at that point, as the organizations probably don’t want to respond. In conclusion domestic terrorism is recognized by all law enforcement agencies as a â€Å"problem.†They all agree that this issue needs to be deeply looked at and that efforts to counter domestic terrorism must develop quickly. Although, in the article â€Å"police say the number of people arrested for plotting domestic terrorist acts is greater than the number of people arrested for actually carrying out the terrorist acts,†[1] there is still lots of work to be done on the issue. There should be an equal amount of focus on national and domestic terrorism in our country. References: [1] Copeland, Larry. â€Å"Domestic Terrorism: New trouble at home.†     USA TODAY 15 Nov. 2004, natl. ed. : 1A – 2A
Friday, October 11, 2019
Respect Essay
I have been told that I need to write a 1000 word essay on disrespecting a Non Commissioned Officer. But it is really hard to write about this because I am having a hard time wondering how I disrespected them. So, where do I start on this and what do I say about it. As far as this essay goes I am just going to write how I feel about respect and how respect works both ways. It is wrong to disrespect a Non Commissioned Officer because they are appointed above me to guide me to the right place and things to do. But it is really hard to respect someone when they do not respect you. Respect works both ways and if that person or leadership does not respect you trying to respect them is difficult. No matter what is said it is disrespect. For example:I am writing this because I was called about a meeting that my squad leader decided he wanted to spring on the squad after we were released for the day. When I asked the squad leader was the meeting about something that we could have discussed the next business day, he replied no, with a sly smirk on his face. As he began to talk it was clearly the same information that was put out at the end of business. I do not know how that was disrespect when it was the truth. In regards to this essay I am not sure what to say about disrespect other then it works both ways. They tell you to respect the rank not the person but when that person abuses the rank it is really hard to respect it. I think that in today’s United States Army no one respects anybody the way that they should be. They are too quick to say that you are disrespecting them and that they are just trying to make you better but they are disrespecting you in the processes. How can you work for someone or some place when all that they do is disrespect you and everything that you do no matter what it is? When I first came in the United States Army a Non Commissioned Officer would work with you on how to be a good soldier and actually sit with you and respect you on what you were doing if you did a good job and worked hard they didn’t try to beat you down to where you just give up on everything. I used to respect everyone that was above me because they cared about you as a person they respected you and helped you with the hard things that were thrown at you and made sure that you were good not just quick to demote them and kick them out of the United States Army. They had an interest in you as a person and if they had something to learn from you then they would respect you enough to ask for help and respect you enough to talk to you. Respect and disrespect is a hard topic because I am a strong believer in respect someone and you will receive respect back or treat someone the way that you want to be treated. The whole time that I have been back in the United States Army the Non Commissioned Officers that were above me were basically like new privates. They were new to the job and they didn’t know a lot about it. I know that I have been in the United States Army for only a short time and I am only a specialist, I have worked with someone above me disrespecting me not just as a soldier, but as a human being. I feel that leadership should stop turning what people say into disrespect it was not that way AT ALL. I was just asking a questioning and stating the obvious, not disrespecting that person. You know they always preach about disrespect but they do not give respect at all. So as far as this essay goes how do I write it to what they want because no matter what is said in here they will one way or another say it is disrespect or some other form of berating them. 1 Respect and disrespect is an important part of a soldier Non Commissioned Officer relationship and needs to be enforced upon not only the soldier but also the Non Commissioned Officer and Officers. I have had a really hard time in this company because I think that people just think that I am just disrespecting them instead of getting to know their soldiers and how their soldiers talk and phrase things. They are quick to just say HA you disrespected me. I have seen way worse disrespect then what I have ever done to anyone. In my eyes disrespect is if you just plainly say hell no or fuck off. I have never done that and yet they automatically think that if you are asking them why you are told to do something it is disrespect but in fact is not disrespect it is that the soldier is trying to learn from them. If I remember correctly the Non Commissioned Officer Creed states â€Å"Competence is my watchword. My two basic responsibilities will always be uppermost in my mind-accomplishment of my mission and the welfare of my soldiers. I will strive to remain tactically and technically proficient. I am aware of my role as a Noncommissioned Officer. I will fulfill my responsibilities inherent in that role. All soldiers are entitled to outstanding leadership; I will provide that leadership. I know my soldiers and I will always place their needs above my own. I will communicate consistently with my soldiers and never leave them uninformed. I will be fair and impartial when recommending both rewards and punishment. †But it seems that only a few of the Non Commissioned Officers respect the lower enlisted. Why should soldiers’ words get twisted and why is that NCO’s are not respecting the soldiers and their needs. We need to be respected that is one of the many needs of the soldiers of today. That is why a lot of soldiers act out against Non Commissioned Officers. Ok so disrespect is all on what that person thinks is being said to them not really how and what is being said. When someone makes a statement and the other person comments on it, it is not disrespect it is just informing them on what they think. How is that disrespecting them? There is also a little thing that Non Commissioned Officers should do and that is lead by example and not respecting a soldier is not leading by example it is showing that that what is good for the goose is good for the gander or do as I say and not as I do! 2
Thursday, October 10, 2019
Evil in the Environment Essay
John Locke is a philosopher known for introducing various significant concepts to different fields of studies. His work encompasses the fields of psychology, political science, and philosophy. One of his main contributions is his assertion that the human mind is completely empirical.            This principle would lead one to believe that every human being is born into this world having the same capacity. All human minds are empty slates (tabula rasa) when one is just born. (Hooker, 1999) Behavior is acquired through the various empirical experiences that a human being undergoes. Moral behavior stems from an individual’s empirical experiences. (Hooker, 1999) As such, it can be assumed that all immoral behavior or all â€Å"evil†is the product of the environment rather than individual. (Hooker, 1999) Such line of reasoning will lead us to assume that evil from the environment can be eradicated by a simple change in human thinking and behavior. This is known as the third â€Å"premise†of the enlightenment thinkers.            The said premise remains to be significant in today’s time and age. For one, it helps people today realize that the evil that pervades in society today can be erased by humans themselves. Moreover, it teaches society that there is still hope for a better world and the fulfillment of such dreams lies in the reformation of human beings and society itself.            The primary effect of such premise on society is that it gives the responsibility for the evil in the world on the shoulders of people. Fingers cannot be pointed to the heavens or to other creatures to blame them for the evil that continues to exist in the world. Rather, the premise asserts that the evil in the world is the product of human misbehavior. Human wrong doing has created the immorality that exists in the world today. However, the most important lesson that Locke’s principle teaches us today is that just as the responsibility for the evil in the world lies in our hands, so does the responsibility to change and eradicate such evil.            There are many ways by which humans can reform and change their environment. Locke had asserted that education is the primary way by which the moral and intellectual character of the human being can be changed for the better. (Hooker, 1999) Such assertion remains to be significant in today’s society. What the premise tells us is that education is even more valuable today for it is the way by which the world can be made better. Education exists not simply for the betterment of the individual’s own life. It is not for the sole purpose of helping someone find a better job, a better way of life. Education’s primary purpose is to help every human being to determine how he can help make the world a better place. It is through education that society can reform its ways and help remove evil from the environment. Thus, the role of education is society is exemplified by the third â€Å"premise.†The role of education becomes ever more important and significant basing on what has been stated in the premise. The future of today’s society lies in the hands of human beings. The betterment of the world and the eradication of evil are the responsibilities of all human beings. Just as they can create evil, they can erase them. Reformation of one’s ways is the manner by which evil in our â€Å"faulty environment†can be obliterated. Works Cited: Hooker, Richard. Seventeenth Century Enlightenment Thought. 1999. World Civilizations. 12 Dec. 2006 from: http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/ENLIGHT/PREPHIL.HTM.
Wednesday, October 9, 2019
Economic Order Quantity and Its Implementation on Business
ECONOMIC ORDER QUANTITY AND IT’S IMPLMENTATION IN BUSINESS Any business man, executive, and entrepreneur should know the basic tools for a company to develop in the market, regardless how big the business is, there are many factors involve. It is very important in every business to handle well developed financial and logistics processes. In order for a company to handle a correct logistic, without matter if it is a goods or services company, it is necessary to identify many factors.Some of the factors to be taken into account are many strategic and financial matters, such as the supply chain management, warehouses, distribution centers, inventory management, packaging and material handling, transportation, among others. A commonly faced problem in companies is that managers of manufacturing or distribution organizations, doesn’t know which will be the adequate quantity of inventory to have in stock. Many people would think that the more stock a company has is the best.I t is true that having a large amount of inventory will help customers to make faster and immediate purchases, shipments will be done quicker, and will prevent the company of being out of stock of certain product and causing some opportunity cost with the customers; it is important to notice that the stocking of products is very expensive. Some companies, such as Wal-Mart or Dell Computers, handle an efficient managing of inventory that has developed their competitive advantage. Wal-Mart helps it suppliers by having the right quantity of their products in the shelves, so that will minimize the inventory accumulation of the merchandise.In the case of Dell, instead of having lots of computers stored in warehouses, waiting to be sold, the company minimizes this cost by building a computer right after an order is placed. [1] They keep at hand many computer components to make this possible, as they have a policy of five-day delivery. In order for every business to succeed as Wal-Mart and Dell Computers have done, it is important first to understand the decision – making techniques that many companies used to have and effective and efficient inventory management and production control.The three main techniques are: Just – in – time system (JIT), Economic Order Quantity method, and a comparison between LIFO and FIFO. In this occasion I will focus precisely in a method for a well handling of the inventory, called Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) which has been used since the rise of the modern manufacturing processes in the early 20th century. The Economic Order Quantity is a calculating method used in small and large businesses in order to determine which will be the best level of inventory for production or purchasing while being the most cost effective.EOQ is a tool mainly used in Operations Management that helps to minimize the purchasing costs as well as the inventory handling costs. The first model of this method was designed by F. W. Harris bac k in 1913. [2] The Economic Order Quantity is use to know how much inventory should be order by a company at a particular time. The EOQ method is used as a part of a periodically review inventory system that helps monitor the level of inventory that a company has at the moment and a fixed quantity of product can be order at any time that the inventory has reached a specific reorder point.There is a model, or equation, that helps calculate the appropriate reorder point (ROP) and which will be the optimal reorder quantity for a successful replenishment cycle and inventory that will avoid a shortage, which may provoke the company to face some stockout costs. It helps determine the best point where the company can have the lowest inventory, holding, and ordering costs, by a mathematical formula that will show the number of units that the company should order. 3] It is very important to notice that not every business, company or industry uses the Economic Order Quantity method. It is a v ery useful tool in small businesses where the owners have to make the decisions regarding the amount of inventory they should be having on stock, which will be the quantity of a certain product that they will purchase or manufacture each time, and when will be the appropriate time to do it without having high costs.Mainly because when we refer to small business, most of the time are new business that have to learn slowly how the market is developing and how to handle it, that’s why the economic order quantity method is an important tool to know the correct logistic for inventory to have, as long as the business grow. Also it is very common to be used in manufacturing facilities, where they have a constant and repetitive ordering of stock and production, they should know what will be the most cost effective quantity to manufacture in order to not face a shortage or have more inventories that needed.Another example of types of business which find very useful the Economic Order Quantity method are the ones that handle several inventory activities such as maintenance, repair, and operation. Finally, another example will be all the companies that handle a large amount of stock and it is mainly used when goods and materials are purchased periodically. As we have already defined what the Economic Order Quantity method is, and which types of business used it, we have to determine which the main components of this model are.The EOQ is mathematical equation, as I said before, that will throw the appropriate number that a company or small business should purchase, in order to minimize as best as possible all the cost involved in the process. But for make it possible for this method to work, we need to know the main variables – such as demand, purchasing costs, production, etc – to be taken into account at the moment of calculating this EOQ. When a company will take a purchasing decision, it is important and very necessary take into consideration the costs involved in the purchase or placing of the order, as well as the inventory holding or carrying costs.In a mathematical way, the economic order quantity can be determined in two different ways. The first option is to present the answer in units. But before talking about every variable that is required for this method to be useful, we will define which is the equation used in this model. The Economic Order Quantity is the square root of [two times the annual usage, or demand of product, in units times the cost per order] divided by the annual carrying cost per unit. It is expressed as follows:
Tuesday, October 8, 2019
Pros and Cons of Globalization Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6250 words
Pros and Cons of Globalization - Research Paper Example (Mcausland 5-20). It certainly controls a global process. The concept of globalization is however quiet old. Some connotations refer it with a revolution, a concept and a global market establishment which is free from social and political colonialism, regression and destabilization while others refer to stability and development, cooperation and integration and progress. The interpretation of globalization is defined by an individual’s social status, political ideology, and cultural background, local and religious and ethnic background. According to Pugel (104-140), â€Å"Globalization is the system of interaction among the countries of the world in order to develop the global economy. Globalization refers to the integration of economics and societies all over the world. Globalization involves technological, economic, political, and cultural exchanges made possible largely by advances in communication, transportation, and infrastructure.†Thus it can be understood that no particular definition is capable of defining globalization encompassing its entire positive and negative traits. However, many researchers and authors have provided descriptions which comprehend one or more realities of globalization. Globalization is a process which shrinks the world by diminishing distances and bringing things closer to one another. It can be compared to the availability and increasing ease through which individuals at one corner of the globe can interact with another individual at the other end of the globe, for mutual benefit. The term global society was coined by Albrow (1990). According to him, globalization can be referred to all those activities and processes through which individuals around the globe are incorporated into one societal world, known as global society. Globalization is increasingly becoming omnipresent (Friedman 10). It is regarded as one of the most important change in the history of human culture. This can be reflected in various domains, especially in social structures, social relationships which are widely dispersed around globe. It has been found out the criticism surrounding globalization is equally strong. Recent growth of various anti-globalization campaigns and groups are a proof that people are not completely satisfied with the policies and opportunities provided by a globalised economy. According to critics, globalization has resulted in weaker and smaller countries losing their culture and traditional features. Globalization has created so many associations and pacts within countries that economic crisis are spreading from one country to another at a much faster rate than expected. Critics also argue that dictatorship of more powerful countries over others is becoming clearer. Nations are not able to control migration or financial flows. Inequality as well as unemployment is other factors which have pushed globalization into the negative side. The current research is aimed an analyzing the pros and cons of globalization. Globalization and its various concepts will be discussed in order to get a better view of its present status as well as history and evolution. The various advantages and
Monday, October 7, 2019
English is seen by some as 'the global language'. Discuss with Essay - 1
English is seen by some as 'the global language'. Discuss with reference to some of the domains in which English is gaining most - Essay Example It is interesting to discuss why English, and why not any other language. According to Crystal David (2003 ) a language achieves a global status only when it develops a ‘special role’ and fulfils certain functions. The ‘power function’ of language expects that it should enable us to gain goods and services in order to live well and lead a good life. The ‘community function’ of language helps us to represent a personal and social identity. The former is a centrifugal force and the latter is a centripetal force. Let us examine how far the English language is successful in playing the ‘special role’ which implies numerous facets, so that it can rightly be called an international language. One hypothesis can be that a language that is the Mother Tongue of people in maximum number of countries can be an international language. But geographically speaking, English is a mother tongue in a handful of nations like USA, Canada, Britain, Irela nd, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa several Caribbean countries and a few others. Yet, we observe that its influence has reached all parts of the world. Hence, being a mother tongue of many nations cannot be a criterion for being qualified as an international language. ... The language adhered to the religion and was retained. English was the language of administration during the British rule and even after Independence, English continued to be used as an official language in more than 70 countries like Ghana, Nigeria, India and Singapore, to mention a few. In the 19th century, England was politically a powerful nation. In the 20th century, its power began to wane and USA became economically dominant. The mother tongue in USA is also English. Political power establishes a language, as it happened in the 19th century. But it is economic power that helps to maintain and expand it. This happened in the 20th century when America became an economic power. It is indeed true that ‘English was at the right place at the right time’. ( Crystal David, 2003 ) The Industrial Revolution and the Electronic Revolution were two important historical events that changed the face of the world. These revolutions were led by British and American scientists. The y brought vast changes in the lifestyle of people all over the world and were two major steps towards globalization. Following these events, English language captured areas like media, advertising, popular music, broadcasting, cinema, computers and internet. In order to stay ‘with the world’, people realized that they had to know the English language. It promoted international relations. English is taught as a foreign language in more than 100 countries today, the chief among them being China, Germany, Spain, Egypt, Brazil, India and an ever increasing number of countries for that matter. A lot of time and money is spent by many countries in teaching English as a foreign language. It is realized by one and all
Sunday, October 6, 2019
Speech. Limit Sex in Advertising to the public Essay
Speech. Limit Sex in Advertising to the public - Essay Example Nonetheless, the companies found themselves on constant competition with visual promotions in both television and print media. One thing that differentiated one company advert from the other was the sex appeal employed. Reichert and Lambiase (2002, p. 25) defines sex appeal advertising as the form of advertising that draws customer’s attention through the use of sexual appeals that have been used as a form of communication technique. It almost goes without saying that contemporary customers are acquainted to more sex in advertising than ever before. This inclination of escalating use of sexual oriented topics and ideas is evident upon inspection of the broadcast and print media. In essence, marketers employ the use of romantic themes, nudity, or implicative ideas or topics to acquire the attention of its consumers. Though the use of sex in advertising has numerous advantages, limited research has been directed towards its implications on the society. In reference to Reichert and Lambiase (2002, p. 35), the use of sex appeal advertising has numerous significant public policy, social, and managerial implications. These propositions pivot the preferred depiction of women in the modern society, the circumstance under which marketers and advertisers should not use sexual themes in communicating with its consumers. For this reason, those impacted most by the sex appealing adverts are the women, both young and old, and not the targeted consumers. To the young women with developing and growing ideologies and bodies, sex appealing advertisements portraying women in a sexual explicit manner, whether fully clothed or nude, an imperative wrong is being executed. For the young and shapeable women, Jacobson and Mazur (1995, p. 79) notes that their perception of what they should wear, how they should look and how they should act is influenced, all with the assumption that
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